Energy-efficient passive house of the “zero-energy” type

Purpose

Achievement of specific heating costs at the level of 15 kWh/sq m of floor space per year; independence from centralised energy (resource) supply networks; autonomous energy production for own needs; maintenance or improvement of the environment

Tasks

Creating a proper microclimate for human activity in a high energy efficiency building while preserving the environment and implementing sustainable development of society

Description

An experimental zero-energy passive house (hereinafter referred to as the house) was designed and built on the territory of the Institute of Technical Thermal Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The total area of 4 and a half floors is 306 m2. Monitoring of the house’s operation for 5 years showed that the experimental specific heat loss through the wall facades of the house at an ambient temperature of -10 °C is only 1.5 W/m2, and the heat transfer resistance of the wall facade structures is 3.3 times higher than the requirements of the current DBN B.2.6-33:2018. The heat transfer resistance of translucent structures exceeds the current standard by 2.7 times. The specific annual heat consumption of such a passive house is 14.8 kWh/(m2-yr) at a temperature of -1.1 °C (the standard average temperature of the heated period for the climate of Kyiv), which corresponds to the European level of passive houses. A heat pump (6 kW) low-temperature accumulation system is used for heating and hot water supply. The natural and/or accumulated heat of the soil or water (in the water intake well) is used as low-potential energy. For this purpose, a test site of soil heat exchangers of various geometries (horizontal shallow, vertical, multi-loop, multi-pass, borehole, bulk, soil-water (liquid), soil-water-water, soil-air) was built on the territory near the house. Solar thermal collectors (flat, tube and vacuum) are used as an additional source of heat. The heating devices are: warm water floors of various installation geometries, including capillary floor, warm wall, warm partition, floor and wall fan coils. Electricity supply is provided by solar panels with a total area of 80 m2 and a capacity of 10 kW (photovoltaic modules on polycrystalline silicon and on thin films of cadmium telluride). The photovoltaic system is complemented by a 5 kW Fortis Montana wind turbine and a gel battery pack. Thus, the house was brought to the level of “zero energy”.

Fields of prospective use

Construction and energy supply

Potential stakeholders

Construction companies, State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving of Ukraine, Ministry of Infrastructure of Ukraine

Budget

Required: 10 000M ₴

Inquired: 5M ₴

Workplace creation potential: 100 000

Possible sources of funding

Funds of the population. Private business. Possible public investment for demonstration model projects.

Website

http://ittf.kiev.ua/